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ADHD in Adults – Treatment Options ADHD is a well-known neurobiological disorder that affects 4.4 percent of the population. It is accompanied with a high rate of comorbidity. This includes depression, anxiety and substance abuse and significant emotional, social and occupational impairments. Psychotherapy and medications are both effective treatments for adults with ADHD. The most frequently prescribed medications are stimulants like methylphenidate or amphetamine. Medicines Many adults suffering from ADHD have significant improvement in their symptoms and performance due to medications. Because of the different ways people respond to medications it is important for individuals with ADHD to determine a mix that is effective. Stimulants, like amphetamines and methylphenidate, are the most frequently prescribed medication for adults suffering from ADHD. online adhd treatment for adults are available in liquid or tablet form in an immediate-release (short acting) formulation. They can be taken every three to four hours. Adults can augment an immediate-release medicine with an extended-release long-acting medication once a week to reduce the need to take it frequently throughout the day. Adults suffering from ADHD can be successfully treated with antidepressants, like desipramine. This class of drugs may be used in conjunction with stimulants or alone to enhance their effects. They may also increase the danger of serious side effects, including rapid heartbeats, EKG changes and orthostatic hypotension. Alpha-2 adrenergic antagonists like alprazolam and clonidine can also be used to treat adults suffering from ADHD. These medications were originally developed to treat hypertension. They are calming and can improve focus, and decrease hyperactivity and impulseivity in certain adults. However, these drugs can cause a drop in blood pressure if they are abruptly removed or reduced in dosage. Psychotherapy can also be beneficial for adults with ADHD. Individual therapy can help them deal with their feelings of shame and embarrassment about their ADHD, as well as anger towards supervisors, coworkers, teachers and family members who might be a source of criticism or nagging them. Family and marriage counseling is a great method to help couples suffering from ADHD better understand each other and improve communication. Behavioral Therapy Psychosocial therapy for adults suffering from ADHD seeks to improve everyday functioning by educating people on strategies and skills. Psychotherapy can also help people with ADHD to overcome the low self-esteem and feelings of inadequacy that can be a result of this condition. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), also known as cognitive behavioral therapy, assists people to change negative thoughts and feelings that are causing difficulties in their lives. It helps them learn new ways to think, feel and behave. This short-term, goal-oriented kind of psychotherapy has proven to be effective in treating a variety of conditions including anxiety and depression. It can be used in conjunction with other treatments or alone. CBT can include group therapy. This is particularly beneficial for people with ADHD because it enables them to meet others who have similar struggles and learn how they manage their ADHD symptoms. It can be offered in person or over the phone. One study examined the effects of CBT with that of traditional therapy for adults with ADHD and found that both treatments produced improvement in self-report measures of functioning, symptoms, and quality of life. Numerous studies have evaluated CBT with other psychosocial treatments for adults with ADHD and have all shown significant reductions in self-reported ADHD symptoms with medium to large effect sizes. These improvements were associated with diverse approaches, including interpersonal and cognitive behavioral therapy, social skill training, problem-solving, and mindfulness meditation. It is essential to assess the efficacy between different treatments for adult ADHD with caution. It is likely that variations in the outcomes are due to a variety of variables that include the characteristics of the treatment, the measures used as well as the backgrounds of the patients. A few studies have looked into the effectiveness of neurofeedback, a method that involves wearing an electrode-lined cap while doing cognitive tasks to identify areas in the brain where there is too much or little activity. Then, instructing the individual to control these patterns. Counseling Many people who suffer from ADHD have anxiety or mood disorders that require treatment. Counseling can help with these issues which may be causing ADHD symptoms. Some psychotherapy approaches include the use of interpersonal therapy to improve the capacity of individuals to establish meaningful relationships and resolve conflicts. Cognitive behavioral therapy is designed to change negative behavior and help manage self-destructive and impulsive behaviors that can cause problems at school or work. In some cases, psychotherapy can be used in combination with medication for adults who are seeking treatment for adhd. Patients with comorbid disorders like bipolar disorder, and addiction to drugs must be assessed carefully to ensure that they do not have symptoms that cannot be improved by the medication used to treat ADHD. Certain medical conditions, such as thyroid disorders, lead poisoning, and a history or seizures, must be treated more aggressively. Intensive outpatient programs might be suggested if the individual's ADHD is so severe that it interferes with their daily functioning and quality of life. These programs offer structured treatment that is more intensive than conventional outpatient psychotherapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), which is a form of cognitive therapy, helps adults suffering from ADHD to improve their ability to manage time, impulse control, planning and executive function. It helps them recognize and express their feelings. It employs worksheets and exercises to make the lessons more enjoyable. Mindfulness meditation training enhances CBT, and it improves the ability of people to concentrate and regulate their emotions. It also enhances an individual's capacity to manage anxiety and stress. It helps them deal with anger, sadness, and other emotional issues that may be contributing towards their ADHD. Occupational Therapy Adults with ADHD frequently have difficulty functioning at home and at work. In addition to affecting their work performance, these issues can interfere with relationships and may lead to financial difficulties. Therapy that addresses these issues can help you increase self-esteem, address underlying problems and develop healthy coping mechanisms. Cognitive-behavioral treatment is an effective treatment for adults with ADHD because it teaches them how to change their negative beliefs and behavior. It is focused on teaching techniques for managing time and overcoming the distortions in your thinking that can cause negative moods, and the perception that there are only a few options. Many people with ADHD also have comorbid depression or anxiety disorders. These psychiatric conditions can cause or diminish the effectiveness of certain drugs used to treat ADHD. It is recommended to treat the most severe comorbidity and then monitor its response to the medication before treating the other disorder. Occupational therapy can help you organize your life and work and establish routines that are predictable that help you manage your time and money, and develop an optimistic image of yourself. It will also help you learn relaxation techniques that could reduce your impulsivity and hyperactivity. Yoga and other exercises can also aid in improving your concentration by ensuring your body is stable in various postures. Marriage and family counseling can assist adults suffering from ADHD to resolve the issues they cause their spouses, kids and friends. They frequently complain that they are insecure, unorganized, and often prone to making impulsive choices. Therapy and classes where spouses and other family members are taught about ADHD can help you develop healthier relationships. It can also help you and your family members understand that the problems are due to ADHD, rather than the lack of care or refusing to cooperate. Clinical Trials Adult ADHD is a frequent neurobiological disorder. It is often accompanied by other disorders that are comorbid, such as anxiety, depression and substance abuse disorders. Psychosocial and medication interventions are available as treatment options. There are a variety of medications available for adults with ADHD and a few of them have been evaluated in clinical trials. These studies have exposed the strengths and weaknesses of the medications. Adults suffering from ADHD may have the same symptoms as children do, but it can be difficult to diagnose because the symptoms of childhood may not last into adulthood. Adults who suffer from ADHD might not have a family history of the disorder or may not be aware of symptoms. It is crucial to take a thorough medical history in order to determine whether the symptoms are caused by an illness like thyroid issues, sleep apnea or hearing and vision issues. Adults with ADHD are treated with stimulants or nonstimulants. Stimulants have the highest response rates for adults with ADHD. Their responsiveness rates vary between 70 and 80%. Amphetamine and methylphenidate are among the most frequently prescribed stimulants. Methylphenidate can also be found as a transdermal solution, which allows for a continuous medication delivery throughout the day. Adults suffering from ADHD can take nonstimulant medications that work by affecting norepinephrine or dopamine. Desipramine is the most studied tricyclic and has been shown to be effective for adults suffering from ADHD. It is a low dose medication that is recommended to be increased every seven days by 50mg until the desired effect is noticed. Bupropion XL is a second antidepressant which has been proven to be effective in adults suffering from ADHD. It is a dopamine-agonist which is effective in blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine in the presynaptic cellular transporter, increasing its availability in brain. This drug is known to improve the mood of adults and decrease hyperactivity, however it's not as effective in improving concentration or cognitive functions as stimulants.